How to Care for the Calathea Prayer Plant: A Complete Guide
Prayer plants, known scientifically as Calathea spp., are popular for their striking foliage and unique leaf movements. Often referred to as "Prayer Plants" due to the way their leaves fold at night, these plants belong to the Marantaceae family, which includes other prayer plant varieties like Maranta and Ctenanthe. If you're a plant enthusiast looking to add a low-light, high-humidity tropical vibe to your space, Calathea is an ideal choice. This article will cover essential tips for caring for these tropical beauties, so your plant can thrive in your indoor sanctuary.
Why is the Calathea Plant Called a Prayer Plant?
The term "Prayer Plant" originates from the plant's behavior of folding and unfolding its leaves according to its light exposure. At night, the leaves rise as if in prayer, a phenomenon caused by light-sensitive cells in the plant, which contract and expand based on day-night cycles. This trait makes Calathea a unique and lively addition to any indoor plant collection.
Calathea Varieties You’ll Love
There are several types of Calathea, each with distinct patterns and colors. Here are a few popular varieties:
- Calathea orbifolia – Known for its broad, silver-striped leaves, this variety makes a bold statement.
- Calathea medallion – The leaves of this variety display deep green on top with purplish undersides, creating an eye-catching contrast.
- Calathea lancifolia (Rattlesnake Plant) – Characterized by its wavy-edged leaves with dark green patterns, resembling the skin of a rattlesnake.
- Calathea ornata (Pinstripe Plant) – This variety sports delicate pink or white lines across dark green leaves, adding a touch of elegance.
- Calathea lutea (Cigar Plant) – Known for its larger, upright leaves with a subtle bluish-green color, Calathea lutea stands out among Calatheas. Its tall, cigar-shaped leaves can reach impressive heights, making it a striking choice for larger indoor spaces. While it prefers the same low-light and high-humidity conditions as other Calatheas, Calathea lutea can tolerate slightly brighter indirect light, adding flexibility to its placement in your home.
- Calathea zebrina (Zebra Plant) – True to its name, Calathea zebrina features bold, zebra-like stripes of dark and light green on its elongated leaves. The unique pattern and soft, velvety texture of the leaves make it a popular choice among plant lovers. This variety thrives in low to medium light, high humidity, and consistently moist soil. Keep it in a well-lit bathroom or use a pebble tray to maintain the moisture it loves.
- Calathea roseopicta (Rose-Painted Calathea) – With its vibrant, rose-colored accents, Calathea roseopicta adds a splash of color to any room. The deep green leaves are beautifully contrasted with pink to purple hues along the leaf veins, creating a striking visual. This variety thrives in low to medium light and high humidity, making it perfect for brightening up dim corners or cozy indoor spaces. Regular misting helps keep its colors vivid and its leaves healthy.
Each Calathea type requires similar care, with slight adjustments based on environmental conditions.
Light Requirements for Calathea Plants
Prayer plants, like Calathea, prefer indirect light, making them ideal for low-light spaces. However, they should not be placed in direct sunlight, as this can cause leaf burn and dull the vibrant patterns of the foliage. A north or east-facing window works well, or they can be placed further away from a sunnier window. A sheer curtain can also be used to filter the light for optimal conditions[1].
Can Calatheas Tolerate Low Light?
Yes, Calatheas are adapted to lower light environments, as they naturally grow on rainforest floors. However, insufficient light may slow their growth or cause the leaves to lose some vibrancy. If your Calathea isn’t thriving in a low-light spot, consider moving it slightly closer to a light source or supplementing it with a fluorescent grow light.
Ideal Humidity and Temperature for Calathea Plants
Calatheas originate from tropical regions, so they flourish in higher humidity levels, ideally between 50% to 70%. If your home is naturally dry, especially during winter, you can increase humidity around the plant by:
- Using a humidifier: This is the most effective way to create a consistently humid environment.
- Grouping plants together: Grouping several plants can naturally increase the moisture level around them.
- Placing the plant on a pebble tray: Ensure the pot sits on top of the pebbles, with water just below the bottom, to create a humidity boost without soaking the roots.
Temperature is equally important, with ideal ranges between 65°F and 80°F (18°C - 27°C). Cold drafts or sudden temperature changes can stress Calathea, causing the leaves to curl or develop brown edges.
Watering Your Calathea Plant
Calathea plants thrive in consistently moist, but not soggy, soil. Water the plant thoroughly when the top inch of soil feels dry. To avoid root rot, ensure the pot has adequate drainage holes. Overwatering or waterlogging can cause the roots to rot, leading to stunted growth or even plant death.
Tips for Watering Calathea Plants
- Use filtered or distilled water: Calatheas are sensitive to chemicals in tap water, such as chlorine and fluoride, which can lead to browning tips. Using rainwater or distilled water can help prevent this issue.
- Monitor the soil moisture: Stick your finger in the soil to check if the top inch is dry before watering. It’s best to water deeply and allow any excess to drain out.
- Adjust watering frequency based on the season: Watering needs are generally higher in warmer months when the plant is actively growing and lower during cooler months when growth slows.
Choosing the Right Soil for Calathea Plants
Calathea prefers well-draining soil that can retain moisture without becoming soggy. A mix containing potting soil, peat, and perlite or orchid bark will provide the perfect balance of drainage and moisture retention. Avoid heavy soils that retain too much water, as these can lead to root rot.
You can also use a commercial potting mix designed for African violets or tropical plants, as these typically offer the right blend of moisture retention and aeration.
Fertilizing Your Calathea
To promote lush growth and vibrant foliage, fertilize your Calathea plant every 4-6 weeks during the growing season (spring and summer). Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer at half strength, as Calathea plants are sensitive to excessive nutrients. Avoid fertilizing during the fall and winter months when the plant's growth naturally slows.
Over-fertilization can cause leaf burn and may lead to a buildup of salts in the soil. If you notice white residue on the surface of the soil, you may need to flush the soil with water to remove the excess salts.
Repotting Calathea Plants
Calatheas benefit from being repotted every 1-2 years, or when you see roots coming out of the drainage holes. Repotting helps refresh the soil, ensuring that the plant has enough space to grow and access fresh nutrients.
Choose a pot only slightly larger than the current one to avoid excess soil that can hold too much water. Repotting is best done in spring when the plant is beginning its active growth phase.
Common Problems and Solutions for Calathea
Calatheas can be sensitive, and their care requires attention to detail. Here are some common issues and ways to resolve them:
- Brown Leaf Edges: Often caused by low humidity, tap water chemicals, or inconsistent watering. Increase humidity, use distilled water, and maintain a consistent watering schedule.
- Yellowing Leaves: Usually a sign of overwatering. Allow the soil to dry out slightly before the next watering, and ensure adequate drainage.
- Leaf Curling: Indicates the plant may be too cold, under-watered, or in a drafty spot. Adjust the plant’s location and maintain stable temperatures.
- Fading Leaf Patterns: Caused by too much direct light. Move the plant to a location with indirect sunlight to restore its natural colors.
Propagating Calathea
Propagation of Calathea is typically done by division rather than by cuttings. Here’s a simple guide:
- Gently remove the plant from its pot.
- Divide the root ball, ensuring each section has a good number of roots.
- Repot each division in its own pot with fresh soil.
This method is best performed during repotting in spring, as this is when the plant is actively growing and more likely to recover quickly from the process.
Creating the Perfect Environment for Your Calathea
A thriving Calathea is one that has consistent warmth, indirect light, and high humidity. By mimicking the tropical conditions they love, you can cultivate these elegant plants that bring beauty and a touch of the exotic to your home.
Final Thoughts
Calathea, or the "Prayer Plant," is a stunning houseplant that requires a bit of extra care compared to more resilient indoor plants. With the right light, water, and humidity, your Calathea will reward you with its breathtaking foliage and charming leaf movements. Adding a Calathea to your home brings a piece of the rainforest indoors and enhances the aesthetic appeal of any space.